Technical Papers
White Rust
The corrosion of galvanized steel cooling towers may be referred to as white rust and the consequence of white rust can be premature failure of galvanized steel components. The on-going occurence of white rust corrosion of cooling towers led the AWT Technical Committee to conduct a survey amonst the AWT membership to assess the magnitude of concern for white rust corrosion.
A brief overview of the survey results is as follows:
White Rust Corrosion was identified as a serious and prevalent problem.
White Rust occurs predominantly with newly constructed/installed galvanized steel towers and related cooling components.
The Predominant chemistry parameter known to aggravate white rust is high alkalinity/high pH, and is further aggravated by low hardness (softened water).
For more on White Rust Corrosion, click here.
Evaluating Polymers and Phosphonates for Use as Inhibitors
There are many commercial polymers and phosphonates available to the water treatment specialist today. It is no small task to determine which of these specialty chemicals will give the best performance for inhibition and stabilization of the impurities that plague the water consultants systems. Considerable work has been done in the evaluation of phosphonates and low molecular weight polymers for cooling water applications. Much less data is available for steam boiler applications. It is the purpose of this paper to investigate the use of polymers and phosphonates in steam boilers.
For more on Evaluating Polymers and Phosphonates, click here.
UC Amine Profiling
This study was undertaken to document amine distribution throughout a multi=pressure system, track amine losses across the D.A., boiler and condensate system in a steam plant and establish regulatory compliance or non-compliance.
For more on UC Amine Profiling, click here.
DBNPA: Modeling Effective Environmentally Acceptable Application
The use of DNMPA is common in cooling tower systems that discharge to surface waters via NPDES permits. The paper derives useful formulas incorporating many systems variables for predicting active DBNPA concentrations in the tower and blowdown. This is not only useful in ensuring sufficient application dose, but to also help ensure compliance with NPDES discharge limits.
Papers
- White Rust
- Evaluating Polymers and Phosphonates for Use as Inhibitors
- UC Amine Profiling
- DBNPA: Modeling Effective Environmentally Acceptable Application